Technical Overview of GB 38453-2019: Protective Clothing — Heat Protective Clothing
Introduction & Scope
The Chinese national standard GB 38453-2019 "Protective clothing — Heat protective clothing" was officially enacted on July 1, 2020. This standard specifies the requirements for protective garments worn by workers to prevent injuries from contact heat, convective heat, and radiant heat generated by high-temperature objects or sources in the environment.
Important Exclusion: This standard is not applicable to protective clothing for firefighting or for protection against molten metal and welding.
Definition
As per the standard, heat protective clothing refers to workwear manufactured in specified styles and constructions, with the primary purpose of avoiding or reducing injuries from contact heat, convective heat, and radiant heat during work processes.
Technical Requirements
The standard's technical requirements are divided into two main categories: Fabric Technical Requirements and Protective Performance Requirements.
1. Fabric Technical Requirements
These requirements cover appearance quality and the physical/chemical performance of different base materials. Specific test items vary by material type, as outlined below:
| Material Type | Key Testing & Inspection Items (For Third-Party Verification) |
|---|---|
| Woven Fabrics | Formaldehyde content, pH value, dimensional change after washing, banned carcinogenic aromatic amines, color fastness to perspiration & rubbing, lightfastness, breaking strength, tearing strength. |
| Knitted Fabrics | Formaldehyde content, pH value, dimensional change after washing, banned carcinogenic aromatic amines, color fastness to perspiration & rubbing, lightfastness, bursting strength. |
| Leather Materials | Formaldehyde content, hexavalent chromium content, pH value, banned carcinogenic aromatic amines, tensile strength, tear strength, fat content. |
2. Protective Performance Requirements
This section defines the core safety functions of the garment, which are critical for certification and compliance inspection:
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Basic Protection: Evaluates thermal stability and flame retardancy.
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Heat Insulation Performance: Assesses resistance to contact heat transfer, convective heat transfer, and radiant heat transfer.
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Garment Construction & Quality: Specifies requirements for style/structure, sizing, dimensional specifications, stitching, accessories/trims, and dimensional change rate, all of which are verified during a final product inspection.
Implications for Quality Assurance & Sourcing
For brands, importers, and safety managers, verification of compliance with GB 38453-2019 is essential.
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Factory Audits & Production Monitoring: A supplier audit should assess the manufacturer's capability to source compliant materials and control production processes to meet the standard's stringent requirements.
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Laboratory Testing & Certification: Products require third-party testing by accredited laboratories to generate reports proving conformity with both the fabric and protective performance clauses.
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Pre-Shipment Inspection: A detailed final random inspection (FRI) should verify that the finished garments meet all construction, labeling, and workmanship standards.
Conclusion
GB 38453-2019 establishes a comprehensive framework for the safety and quality of industrial heat protective clothing. Ensuring compliance requires a multi-stage quality control strategy involving factory assessment, rigorous product testing, and thorough pre-shipment inspection. For complete and authoritative details, please refer to the official Chinese standard text of GB 38453-2019.
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Technical Overview of GB 38453-2019: Protective Clothing — Heat Protec
The Chinese national standard GB 38453-2019 "Protective clothing — Heat protective clothing" was officially enacted on July 1, 2020
